Search results for "SocArXiv|Arts and Humanities|Art and Design"
showing 10 items of 1667 documents
States of mourning: A quantitative analysis of national mournings across European countries
2018
Despite their growing incidence over the last decades, national days of mourning received curiously sparse attention throughout social sciences and death studies. This study investigates the 327 national mournings observed across European countries between 1989 and 2017 in terms of their national variance, temporal dynamics, typology of events that led to their declaration, and victimology. Drawing on a Durkheimian-inspired conceptualization of national mournings as political rites of solidarity and reconciliation, this article finds empirical support for the thesis that the frequency with which European countries declare national mourning is a negative function of a society's level of soci…
Decidir reflexivamente. Un estudio sobre reflexividad y trayectorias formativas en estudiantes de postgrado
2017
Las trayectorias formativas y profesionales de los jóvenes están actualmente cargadas de incertidumbre y no discurren de manera lineal. Atrás han quedado los tiempos en que acceder a la universidad significaba garantía de empleo para el futuro y el inicio de itinerarios profesionales más definidos. A partir de una investigación en la que se ha entrevistado a estudiantes de postgrado de dos universidades públicas se analiza cómo se configuran las trayectorias formativas y las expectativas laborales a través del concepto de reflexividad siguiendo la aplicación que propone Margaret S. Archer. El resultado es una triple tipología de reflexividad que presenta las decisiones educativas como compa…
A Measure of Trust: The Italian Regional Divide in a Latent Class Approach
2017
Social differences within countries may partly explain the lack of economic convergence and the persistence of regional disparities. The case of Italy is emblematic: economic gap between North and South remains at high levels with large differences in social capital and in trust. In this paper, we use the micro data from the ISTAT “Aspects of Daily Life” Survey to build a measure of “trust in others” and a measure of “trust in institutions” through a latent class model to attribute a trust score to the Italian households and the Italian regions and, in this way, to add elements of knowledge useful to policies. Our measures confirm a persistent territorial divide although the regional mappin…
Clustering cities through urban metrics analysis
2017
[EN] This paper describes a process for measuring and characterizing urban morphological zones. These urban zones are delineated for the entire area of Spain, independently of administrative boundaries and excluding demographic data, using a high resolution land-use dataset. Given the rich information available on land cover and subsequently assigned population data, it is possible to calculate a set of urban spatial metrics to classify these urban zones into homogenous morphological groups. Four types of urban agglomerations are identified in Spain by working with these urban metrics and applying a final cluster analysis. Although these groups have a general complex monocentric typology, e…
Flexural Response of Reinforced Concrete Beam on Elastic Foundation under Vertical Load and Bending Moment: Review of Existing Methods and Proposed N…
2021
AbstractThis work examined the behavior of a RC beam on a soil foundation subject to concentrated vertical loads and bending moment in both the elastic and the plastic phases. Some of the simplifie...
Implicit learning shapes new conscious percepts and representations
1997
We present here the lineaments of a new account of implicit learning, an account that does not rely on the notion of “implicit knowledge.” In this account, improved performance depends on the action of unconscious mechanisms that structure the phenomenal, conscious experience of the world. This integrative view makes groundless the search for dissociations between conscious and unconscious influences that has been at the core of the research on implicit learning and memory. We contrast this view, on the one hand, to Dienes and Berry’s (1997) proposal, which defines implicit learning by analogy with subliminal perception, and, on the other, to Neal and Hesketh’s (1997) episodic account, in w…
Powerful Pharma and Its Marginalized Alternatives?
2018
Abstract. Only little is known about the underpinning psychological processes that determine medical choices. Across four studies, we establish that conspiracy mentality predicts a preference for alternative over biomedical therapies. Study 1a (N = 392) and 1b (N = 204) provide correlational support, Study 2 (N = 185) experimentally tested the role of power: People who endorsed a conspiracy mentality perceived a drug more positively if its approval was supported by a powerless (vs. powerful) agent. Study 3 (N = 239) again showed a moderating effect of power and conspiracy mentality on drug evaluation by comparing analytic versus holistic approaches. These findings point to the consequences…
Perception des pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants par les étudiants de première année universitaire et effets sur leur scolarité
2015
National audience; En France, peu de recherches se sont penchées sur les effets du contexte universitaire et plus particulièrement des pratiques pédagogiques telles que perçues par les étudiants entrant en première année universitaire sur leur scolarité. Aussi ce travail se propose-t-il d'étudier l'effet de la perception de ces pratiques par les étudiants sur leur motivation, leurs manières d'étudier et leur réussite. À l'appui de données recueillies par questionnaires auprès de 734 étudiants inscrits en première année universitaire au sein de cinq filières, il est montré que la perception des pratiques par les étudiants influe particulièrement sur leur motivation et par ce biais, de façon …
Agrarian development and state building in Spain: the contest for irrigation in the Valencian Region, 1770–1860
2022
AbstractA determined expansion in the productive capacity of Spanish agriculture was a fundamental and contentious objective during the crisis of the country’s ancien régime and the formation of the liberal state, in the years of transition from the eighteenth to the nineteenth centuries. In this study we examine a fundamental reorientation that occurred in an ambitious project for the expansion of irrigation in the region of Valencia. In this region, characterised by a well-rooted commercial agriculture, the original scheme, initiated by an enlightened aristocrat well connected with the royal court, would be profoundly altered in the transition from one political regime to another. The irr…